What is the definition of impromptu speaking?

Impromptu speaking is defined as speaking without prior preparation or forethought. This form of speaking requires individuals to think on their feet and respond spontaneously to a given prompt or situation. It focuses on the speaker's ability to articulate their thoughts clearly and coherently in a short amount of time without relying on any notes or scripts. Impromptu speaking often occurs in settings like classroom discussions, meetings, or social events where participants may need to share their ideas quickly and effectively without advanced notice.

In contrast to this, the other options involve some degree of premeditation or reliance on external aids. Speaking with extensive notes suggests a prepared speech where the speaker has organized their thoughts and points in advance. Reading from a script implies that the speaker is delivering a message that they have already written out, which does not align with the essence of impromptu speaking. Similarly, speaking after thorough research indicates that the speaker has taken time to gather information and prepare, which is also not consistent with the spontaneous nature of impromptu speaking.